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What is Docker and What is its History ?

by asep on March 1, 2023

Docker is an open-source containerization platform that allows developers to easily create, deploy, and run applications in isolated containers. Docker provides a way to package an application and all of its dependencies into a single unit, which can be easily moved between environments, such as from development to production.

Docker was first released in March 2013 by Solomon Hykes and his team at dotCloud, a platform-as-a-service (PaaS) company. The idea for Docker came about when the dotCloud team was working on a new PaaS platform that would allow developers to easily deploy and scale their applications. They realized that the existing solutions for deploying applications, such as virtual machines (VMs), were inefficient and complex.

The team decided to create a new technology that would make it easier for developers to package their applications and deploy them in a consistent and repeatable way. They called this technology Docker, after the shipping containers used to transport cargo around the world.

The first version of Docker was released in March 2013, and it quickly gained popularity among developers and system administrators. In 2014, Docker was spun off as its own company, Docker Inc., and the technology continued to evolve and improve.

Today, Docker is used by millions of developers and organizations around the world, and it has become an essential tool for building, shipping, and running modern applications.

why should choose docker for application development

There are several reasons why Docker is a popular choice for application development:

Portability: Docker containers provide a consistent environment for applications to run in, regardless of the host operating system or infrastructure. This makes it easy to move applications between development, testing, and production environments, without worrying about compatibility issues.
Scalability: Docker containers can be easily scaled up or down based on demand, which allows applications to handle traffic spikes and sudden increases in workload.
Isolation: Docker containers provide a secure and isolated environment for applications to run in, which helps to prevent conflicts between different applications and dependencies.
Efficiency: Docker allows developers to easily package their applications and dependencies into a single container, which reduces the time and effort required to deploy and manage applications.
Collaboration: Docker allows developers to easily share and collaborate on applications, by sharing Docker images and containers.

Overall, Docker provides a lightweight and efficient way to develop, test, and deploy applications, which can help to improve productivity and reduce development time.

here are several terms related to Docker that are important to understand:

Dockerfile: A Dockerfile is a script that contains instructions for building a Docker image. It specifies the base image to use, the commands to run, and any configuration or dependencies that are required.
Docker image: A Docker image is a self-contained package that includes everything needed to run an application, including the code, libraries, and dependencies.
Docker container: A Docker container is a running instance of a Docker image. Containers are isolated from each other and from the host system, which helps to prevent conflicts and ensure security.
Docker registry: A Docker registry is a storage and distribution system for Docker images. The most common registry is Docker Hub, which is a public registry that allows developers to share and download Docker images.
Docker Compose: Docker Compose is a tool for defining and running multi-container Docker applications. It allows developers to define the services and dependencies for an application in a single YAML file, and then start and stop the application with a single command.
Kubernetes: Kubernetes is an open-source container orchestration platform that can be used to manage and scale Docker containers across multiple hosts. It provides features such as automatic scaling, load balancing, and self-healing.

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How To Configuring and Optimizing Apache 2.4

by asep on February 18, 2023

Configuring and optimizing Apache 2.4 involves several steps, including:

Enable caching: You can improve performance by enabling caching in Apache 2.4. This will allow the server to store frequently accessed data in memory or disk, so that it can be served faster in subsequent requests. You can enable caching by setting the appropriate directives in the Apache configuration file, such as the “CacheEnable” and “CacheHeader” directives.
Enable compression: You can also improve performance by enabling compression in Apache 2.4. This will compress data before sending it to the client, reducing the amount of data transmitted over the network. You can enable compression by setting the “DeflateCompressionLevel” and “DeflateMemLevel” directives in the Apache configuration file.
Optimize server parameters: You can optimize server parameters such as the number of threads, connections, and timeouts in Apache 2.4. This will ensure that the server can handle more requests without becoming overloaded or unresponsive. You can set these parameters in the Apache configuration file, such as the “MaxRequestWorkers”, “MaxConnectionsPerChild”, and “Timeout” directives.
Use a content delivery network (CDN): You can further improve performance by using a content delivery network (CDN). A CDN will distribute your content across multiple servers located in different regions, reducing latency and improving response times for users located far away from your server.
Use a reverse proxy: You can also use a reverse proxy to improve performance and security in Apache 2.4. A reverse proxy will act as an intermediary between your server and the client, handling requests and responses on your behalf. This can improve performance by reducing the load on your server, and improve security by filtering out malicious traffic.

To optimize Apache 2.4, it’s important to monitor server performance and adjust server parameters as needed. You can use tools such as Apache’s built-in mod_status module or third-party monitoring tools to monitor server performance, identify bottlenecks, and make adjustments to the Apache configuration file as needed.

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How To Configure a Firewall on Ubuntu Server

by asep on February 16, 2023

Ubuntu Server comes with a firewall application called UFW (Uncomplicated Firewall), which is a front-end to iptables. Here are the steps to configure the firewall on Ubuntu Server using UFW:

Check if UFW is installed and enabled: You can check if UFW is installed and enabled using the command “sudo ufw status”. If it’s not installed, you can install it using the command “sudo apt-get install ufw”.
Allow necessary ports and services: By default, UFW blocks all incoming connections to your system. You need to allow the necessary ports and services for your applications. For example, if you’re running a web server, you need to allow incoming connections on port 80 for HTTP and port 443 for HTTPS. You can use the command “sudo ufw allow” to allow ports and services. For example, to allow incoming connections on port 80, you can use the command “sudo ufw allow 80/tcp”.
Block unnecessary ports and services: You should block any ports and services that are not needed. This reduces the attack surface of your system and helps to prevent unauthorized access. You can use the command “sudo ufw deny” to block ports and services. For example, to block incoming connections on port 23, you can use the command “sudo ufw deny 23/tcp”.
Create custom rules: You can create custom firewall rules to allow or block specific IP addresses, subnets, or protocols. For example, you can block all incoming traffic from a specific IP address. You can use the command “sudo ufw insert” to create custom rules. For example, to block incoming traffic from IP address 192.168.0.100, you can use the command “sudo ufw insert 1 deny from 192.168.0.100”.
Check and reload the firewall: After configuring the firewall, you should check whether it’s working correctly and reload it. You can use the command “sudo ufw status” to check the status of the firewall, and “sudo ufw reload” to reload the firewall.

Note that the specific commands and options for configuring a firewall may vary depending on the Linux distribution and the firewall application you’re using. Therefore, you should refer to the documentation of your specific distribution and firewall application for more detailed instructions.

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How to Increase the Security of a Linux Server

by asep on February 16, 2023

Here are some common ways to increase the security of a Linux server like Ubuntu Server, Alma Linux, Debian etc.:

Keep the operating system up to date: Ensure that the operating system and software installed on the server are always updated with the latest patches to address any security vulnerabilities that are discovered.
Use a firewall: Install a firewall on the Linux server to block unwanted access. Some Linux distributions have built-in firewalls that can be enabled, such as iptables and firewalld.
Limit SSH access: Make sure that only users with the necessary permissions can connect to the server via the SSH protocol. Limit the number of failed login attempts and use SSH keys for authentication.
Install security software: Install security software such as antivirus, anti-malware, and IDS (intrusion detection system) on the server to monitor and protect the system from unwanted attacks.
Encrypt sensitive data: If there is sensitive data stored on the server, be sure to encrypt the data so that it cannot be accessed by unauthorized parties.
Manage user access permissions: Ensure that only users with the necessary permissions can access the system and files on the server. Manage user access permissions carefully.
Install SSL/TLS: If your server provides web services, be sure to install SSL/TLS certificates to secure data sent over HTTPS from MITM attacks.
Back up regularly: Always back up data regularly to protect your data from loss due to attacks, damage, or hardware failure.

In addition, there are several specialized software tools that can be used to improve the security of a Linux server, such as fail2ban to protect the server from repeated login attempts and SELinux (Security-Enhanced Linux) to increase system security by adding stricter security policies.

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Bagaimana cara backup database mysql dengan bash script

by asep on February 15, 2023

Berikut adalah contoh bash script untuk melakukan backup database MySQL:

#!/bin/bash

# Konfigurasi database
DB_USER="nama_user"
DB_PASS="password"
DB_NAME="nama_database"

# Konfigurasi direktori backup
BACKUP_DIR="/path/ke/direktori/backup"

# Nama file backup
FILE_NAME="backup-$(date +'%Y%m%d%H%M%S').sql"

# Path lengkap file backup
BACKUP_FILE="$BACKUP_DIR/$FILE_NAME"

# Membuat direktori backup jika belum ada
if [ ! -d "$BACKUP_DIR" ]; then
  mkdir -p $BACKUP_DIR
fi

# Melakukan backup database
mysqldump -u $DB_USER -p$DB_PASS $DB_NAME &gt; $BACKUP_FILE

# Mengonfirmasi bahwa backup berhasil
if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
  echo "Backup berhasil disimpan di $BACKUP_FILE"
else
  echo "Backup gagal!"
fi

#!/bin/bash

# Konfigurasi database

DB_USER="nama_user"

DB_PASS="password"

DB_NAME="nama_database"

# Konfigurasi direktori backup

BACKUP_DIR="/path/ke/direktori/backup"

# Nama file backup

FILE_NAME="backup-$(date +'%Y%m%d%H%M%S').sql"

# Path lengkap file backup

BACKUP_FILE="$BACKUP_DIR/$FILE_NAME"

# Membuat direktori backup jika belum ada

if [ ! -d "$BACKUP_DIR" ]; then

mkdir -p $BACKUP_DIR

# Melakukan backup database

mysqldump -u $DB_USER -p$DB_PASS $DB_NAME > $BACKUP_FILE

# Mengonfirmasi bahwa backup berhasil

if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then

echo "Backup berhasil disimpan di $BACKUP_FILE"

else

echo "Backup gagal!"

Untuk menggunakan script ini, pastikan untuk mengganti nilai variabel DB_USER, DB_PASS, DB_NAME, dan BACKUP_DIR sesuai dengan konfigurasi database dan direktori backup Anda. Kemudian, jalankan script tersebut di terminal dengan perintah bash nama_file.sh.

Script ini akan membuat file backup dengan nama backup-tanggal-waktu.sql di direktori backup yang telah dikonfigurasi, dan mengonfirmasi apakah backup berhasil atau gagal. Anda dapat menjadwalkan script ini untuk berjalan secara otomatis dengan cron job untuk melakukan backup database secara teratur.

Untuk menjalankan script tersebut misalnya setiap pukul 1 malam, Anda dapat menggunakan cron job. Berikut adalah langkah-langkahnya:

Buka terminal dan jalankan perintah crontab -e untuk mengedit crontab.
Tambahkan baris berikut di bagian paling bawah crontab:

0 1 * * * /bin/bash /path/ke/file/nama_file.sh

1 2	0 1 * * * /bin/bash /path/ke/file/nama_file.sh

Penjelasan:
- Angka pertama (0) adalah menit. Kita ingin menjalankan script setiap pukul 1 malam, sehingga kita gunakan nilai 0.
- Angka kedua (1) adalah jam. Kita ingin menjalankan script pada jam 1 malam, sehingga kita gunakan nilai 1.
- Asterisk (*) untuk hari dalam sebulan, bulan, dan hari dalam seminggu yang tidak spesifik.
- /bin/bash menunjukkan shell yang digunakan untuk menjalankan script. Anda dapat mengganti dengan shell yang Anda gunakan.
- /path/ke/file/nama_file.sh adalah path lengkap menuju file script yang akan dieksekusi.
Simpan perubahan dan keluar dari editor crontab.
Sekarang, script akan dieksekusi setiap pukul 1 malam. Jika backup berhasil, Anda akan menerima email notifikasi dari cron daemon. Pastikan konfigurasi email sudah diatur dengan benar pada sistem Anda.

Harap dicatat bahwa waktu yang digunakan oleh cron job adalah waktu server, bukan waktu lokal Anda. Pastikan server Anda memiliki waktu yang benar dan sesuaikan zona waktu jika diperlukan.

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Cara Membuat Virtualhost Domain pada OpenLiteSpeed

by asep on January 25, 2020

Dalam tutorial sebelumnya saya sudah menjelaskan cara untuk instalasi dan konfigurasi OpenLiteSpeed pada CentOS dan juga intalasi PHP 7.4 dan MariaDB 10.4

Baca cara instalasi Openlitespeed : Install OpenLiteSpeed + PHP 7.4 + MariaDB 10.4 pada CentOS 7

Sekarang kita akan membahas bagaimana cara untuk membuat virtualhost pada OpenLiteSpeed dengan menggunakan domain yang sudah kita punya sehingga konten website di server bisa diakses melalui domain tersebut

Langkah Pertama : Membuatkan folder Virtualhost

Sebelum kita melakukan konfigurasi virtualhost melalui Webadmin Openlitespeed, kita akan membuatkan telebih dahulu folder untuk isi konfigurasi virtualhost dan konten website dimana kita akan membuatkan virtualhost untuk sub domain ols.asep.id

[continue reading…]

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